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Spine Surgery
Are you suffering from any back pain? Do you have any problems with the mobility of your spine? An orthopedic and spine surgeon might be the doctor you need to see. Back problems and mobility issues related to the structure of your spine can cause restrictions in your daily activities and lifestyle choices. Getting your spine health checked by a licensed practitioner can help you identify the cause of the problem and overcome it with surgical methods.
What are Spine Diseases?
Spine diseases are functional or structural diseases that could affect the normal mobility or function of the spine, causing pain and visible deformity, thus affecting a person’s appearance and quality of life. These can affect members of any age group, ranging from simple sprained ligaments to serious ankylosing spondylitis. Treatment of spinal disorders is extremely important because the spine carries very important structures, such as the spinal cord and several sensory and motor tracts and plates. Any damage to the spine, if it gets complicated, can damage these structures too and lead to severe disabilities such as paralysis. A good spine surgeon can help tackle these conditions surgically to stabilize or correct them.
Why choose Medintu?
Medintu is a leading platform for online healthcare services and home-based medical care. We offer various services, such as diagnostics, teleconsultation, physiotherapy at home, elderly care, vaccination, and so on. Our commitment is to deliver quality and affordable healthcare to people in India so they can maintain and evaluate their health regularly. We specialize in home-based healthcare and are available in metropolitan cities like Pune, Hyderabad, Banglore, Chennai, Ahmedabad, and Bangalore, expanding to newer ones.
Medintu is connected with the best spine surgeons in the country who have years of expertise in spinal surgeries and are well-versed in using high-tech, state-of-the-art technology. The doctors in our network are skilled and compassionate to make your journey through spine surgery easier.
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What are the types of Spine Disorders?
A variety of conditions can arise in the spine and can affect the spine as well as the surrounding regions. These disorders can be acquired or congenital as well.
- Disc Herniation or Slipped Disc: this can be due to back trauma leading to the disc’s prolapse between two vertebrae. This disc can lead to nerve compression and pain or weakness.
- Spinal Stenosis, or spinal canal narrowing, through which all the important nerves and the spinal cord pass. These structures can thus get compressed in the spinal canal.
- Scoliosis Surgery is an abnormal spine condition leading to pain and lung and heart function restrictions.
- Kyphosis is the excessive forward rounding of the spine, leading to a humpback appearance.
- Lordosis exaggerates the lower spine curvature, leading to a swayback deformity.
- Spondylolisthesis Surgery, slipping one vertebrae over another, can lead to back pain and nerve compression.
- Fracture of the vertebral discs due to trauma or even conditions like osteoporosis
- Degenerative disc, in which the vertebral disc has natural thinning.
- Cauda equina syndrome is a serious condition in which a bundle of nerves leaving the spine at the base gets compressed.
- Spinal tumors such as teratomas, which are primary tumors, and secondary tumors due to metastasis
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Spinal Disorders?
Spine disorders can give rise to a plethora of symptoms, such as:
1.Back pain can be localized to the specific region affected or radiate to other body parts.
2.Nerve pain due to entrapment or injury to nerves traveling in or out of the spine. The irritation of the nerves can lead to pain and tingling of the nerves.
3.Muscle weakness limited to a limb or bilateral limbs leading to paralysis.
4.Lack of control over bowel and bladder functions.
5.Changes in body posture, such as a hunched back or an abnormal spine curvature.
6.Pins and needles sensation in limbs due to their effect on the sensory nerves.
7.Increased difficulty in walking and performing various movements such as twisting and turning.
How are Spine Disorders Diagnosed?
Spine disorders are diagnosed by a spine surgeon or orthopedecian with the help of the following steps:
- A medical history is taken to understand the onset, duration, and other factors related to the spine.
- A physical examination examines the range of motion, temperature, muscle strength, and reflexes.
- Radiological diagnosis with the help of X-rays, MRI, CT, and bone scans to delineate the state and structure of the vertebral bones, ligaments, discs, and nerves.
- Electromyography to check for muscle and nerve functions in affected parts.
- Lumbar puncture and CSF analysis to look for any infections or bleeding
- Discography by injecting dye in the intervertebral disc to check for structural abnormalities.
- Biopsy in case of a tumor or growth arising from the spine.
The tests prescribed by the doctor will depend on the specific symptoms of the patient and the treatment planned.
What are the complications of Spine Surgery?
Spinal surgeries are major surgeries, and the complications will depend on how complex the surgery is and the extent of the surgery. Some of the complications seen with laminectomy are as follows:
- infection of the site of surgery or surrounding tissues.
- excessive bleeding during the surgery or after it.
- Nerve damage, which can lead to weakness or numbness in the part supplied by the nerve
- Failed back surgery syndrome, where the pain persists even after surgery due to inadequate correction of deformity during surgery or damage in other areas of the spine.
- Displacement or complications of screws, plates, or nails used in surgery requiring revision surgery
- Incomplete fusion of vertebrae in spinal fusion surgeries
- Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism due to reduced mobility during and after the surgery, resulting in life-threatening complications
- Nerve pain due to scarring at the site of surgery.
- Cerebrospinal fluid leaks due to damage to the spinal cord.
- respiratory problems due to pain in the back and prolonged hospital stay
- Allergic reactions to anesthesia
- Mental health is also affected due to intense surgery and recovery processes.
What are the treatments used to fix Spinal Disorders?
The treatment done for spinal disorders includes the following:
1. Conservative or nonsurgical treatment, which includes:
a.physical therapy.
b.over-the-counter pain medication or prescription medicines.
c.Rest and lifestyle modification.
D.use of spinal braces or orthoses.
e.injections such as steroids or nerve block
2. Minimally invasive procedures:
a.Laminectomy: Removal of a part of the vertebra to relieve pressure on the spinal cord.
b.Discectomy: Removing a part of the herniated disc that might be impinging on a nerve.
c.Foraminotomy: widening the exit points of nerves in the spinal column.
3. Spinal Fusion:
a.Anterior cervical Discectomy and Fusion: the damaged parts of intervertebral discs are removed, and the vertebrae are fused.
b.Lumbar Fusion: Two or more vertebrates are fused with synthetic materials or bone grafts from elsewhere.
4. Artificial Disc Replacement: The cervical or lumbar spine is replaced with an artificial disc.
5. Decompression Surgery:
a.Microdiscectomy: a small part of the herniated disc compressing the spinal nerve is removed.
b.Laminoplasty: reshaping the lamina to create space in the spinal canal
6. Scoliosis Surgery: Techniques like spinal fusion and orthopedic instruments are required to correct the spine’s position and stabilize it.
7. Tumour Resection: Removing the tumor’s mass and its extension is done to cure or provide palliative care to cancer patients.
8. Infections and Autoimmune Disorders: antibiotics, steroids, and immunosuppressant agents are used.
9. Bone-Strengthening Medications: It reduces the fracture risk in bone diseases like osteoporosis.
How do I recover after Spine Surgery?
Recovery after spinal surgery can be long and challenging. It requires patience and commitment. Following are some guidelines to help recover:
- Follow your doctor’s advice strictly.
- Use pain medications as prescribed so that the pain does not interfere with your recovery and physiotherapy.
- Wound care: keeping the wound clean and dry will help prevent infections at the surgical site.
- Rest and hydration are essential for a fast and smooth recovery.
- A healthy diet of adequate protein can aid healing and restore strength.
- Monitor yourself for complications or new symptoms and report them to the doctor immediately.
- Take physiotherapy from a trusted physiotherapist to get the best results.
- Adopt lifestyle modifications to prevent weight gain and improve working efficiency to reduce the recurrence of symptoms.
FAQs
How long does it take to recover from Spine Surgery?
In the case of minimally invasive spine surgery, it may take a few weeks or months to recover. For major surgeries, it may take several months to over a year.
Who are the right candidates for Spine Surgery?
For patients who have the following problems, spine surgery is a very helpful solution:
- Failed medical management
- Gross structural issues
- Severe pain and nerve injury symptoms
- Spine deformities from birth
- Infections
- Severe spinal injuries
- Cancers or tumors of the spine
How long are Spine Surgeries?
Spine surgeries are among the longest surgeries due to their complexity and may take 4–8 hours for complex surgeries.
Minimally invasive surgeries take about 2–4 hours as they are simpler procedures.
What is the cost of Spine Surgery in India?
Spine surgeries are relatively expensive and can cost anywhere from 2,60,000 to 4,00,000 rupees based on the type of procedure, the complexity of the procedure, the orthopedic instruments required, the hospital, the city, and the operating surgeon.